3a. Appendix 3a. RTS for C-V and C-C Combinations

3a. Appendix 3a. RTS for C-V and C-C Combinations 

Consonant-vowel Combinations (guNiMtamulu)

Each consonant can be combined with each of the vowels to produce a variety of sounds. A complete set of consonant-vowel combinations for the first consonant క్  (k) is shown below. The same pattern is followed by the other consonants.

క్ = k 
క్ + అ = క  = ka
క్ + ఆ = కా = kA
క్ + ఇ = కి = ki
క్ + ఈ = కీ = kI
క్ + ఉ = కు = ku
క్ + ఊ = కూ = kU
క్ + ఋ = కృ  = kR
క్ + ఎ = కె = ke
క్ + ఏ = కే = kE
క్ + ఐ = కై  = kai
క్ + ఒ = కొ = ko
క్ + ఓ = కో = kO
క్ + ఔ  = కౌ = kau
క్ + అం = కం = kaM

The same pattern can be used for other consonants.

Consonant-consonant combinations

 A complete set of consonant-consonant combinations for the first consonant క is shown below. Not all possible combinations are useful in Telugu. The combinations that are more likely to occur are boldfaced. The software ignored the other combinations because they either never occur or they are probably very rare. Analogous  patterns exist for the other consonants.

క్ + క  = క్క = kka
క్ + ఖ = క్ఖ = kkha 
క్ + గ  = క్గ = kga 
క్ + ఘ = క్ఘ = kgha 
క్ + చ  = క్చ = kca
క్ + ఛ  = క్ఛ = kCha
క్ + జ  = క్జ = kja
క్ + ఝ = క్ఝ = kjha
క్ + ట  = క్ట = kTa
క్ + ఠ   = క్ఠ = kTha
క్ + డ  = క్డ = kDa
క్ + ఢ  = క్ఢ = kDha
క్ + ణ   = క్ణ= kNa 
క్ + త  = క్త  = kta
క్ + థ  = క్థ = ktha
క్ + ద  = క్ద = kda 
క్ + ధ  = క్ధ = kdha 
క్ + న  = క్న = kna
క్ + ప  = క్ప = kpa 
క్ + ఫ  = క్ఫ = kpha
క్ + బ  = క్బ = kba 
క్ + భ  = క్భ = kbha
క్ + మ  = క్మ = kma 
క్ + య = క్య = kya 
క్ + ర  = క్ర = kra
క్ + ల  = క్ల = kla
క్ + వ   = క్వ = kva
క్ + శ    = క్శ = kSa
క్ + ష  = క్ష = ksha
క్ + స  = క్స = ksa
క్ + హ =? = ??

Examples

In all these examples and throughout this book, a hyphen (a small dash) is used to separate the syllables to facilitate reading. These hyphens are NOT a part of the RTS definition and computer programs do not recognize the hyphen. It is only used to help the reader figure out where the syllable boundaries are.


#amma# = a-mma = mother
#A# = A = that
#idi# = i-di = this
#Iga# = I-ga = fly
#uppu# = u-ppu = salt
#Uru# = U-ru = village
#eMta?# = eM-ta? = how much?
#EmiTi?# = E-mi-Ti? = what?
#aidu# = ai-du = five
#okaTi# = o-ka-Ti = one
#OTu# = O-Tu = vote
#aunu# = au-nu = yes
#aMtA# = aM-tA = all

#kala# = ka-la = dream
#kaLa# = ka-La = art
#kRshNa# = kR-shNa = Krishna
#kaMcaM# = kaM-caM = dinner plate
#koMceM# = koM-ceM = some, a little bit
#kaMThaM# = kaM-ThaM = throat, voice
#kharcu# = kha-rcu = expenditure
#gadi# = ga-di = room
#ghanata# = gha-na-ta = eminence
#caMpu# = caM-pu = kill
#cAlA# = cA-lA = many
#ChalOkti# = Cha-lO-kti  = joke, pun
#japaM# = ja-paM = meditation
#jvaraM# = jva-raM = fever
#jAgu# = jA-gu = delay
#Tannu# = Ta-nnu = ton
#TEbulu# = TE-bu-lu = table
#Dabbu# = Da-bbu = money
#tala# = ta-la = head
#dhara# = dha-ra = price
#nuvvu# = nu-vvu = you
#nEnu# = nE-nu = I
#paMDu# = paM-Du = fruit
#paMdi# = paM-di = pig
#baMti# = baM-ti = ball
#boTTu# = bo-TTu = drop
#bhayaM# = bha-yaM = fear
#puli# = pu-li = tiger
#mIru# = mI-ru = you
#vajraM# = va-jraM = diamond
#vala# = va-la = net
#Satruvu# = Sa-tru-vu = enemy
#shAku# = shA-ku = shock
#sabha# = sa-bha = assembly
#hAlu# = hA-lu = hall
#hallu#  = ha-llu = consonant



<b>Exercises</b>


  1. Read the following words, written in RTS, aloud. Ask an associate to help you with the correct pronunciation.
<HTML>
<BODY>
<PRE>

nE-nu                            nu-vvu                         vA-Du
A-me                             mI-ru                           a-di
u-da-yaM                       sA-yaM-kA-laM         rA-tri
ni-nna                             I-nA-Du                      rE-pu
Sa-la-vu                          paM-Da-ga                 bhA-sha
dha-rmaM                      saM-ghaM                   bA-dha
saM-dhya                       a-dR-sh-TaM               bhA-ra-taM
a-rthaM                          gAM-dhI                      pa-Tel^
ce-ppE-nu                       cE-sE-nu                     rA-sE-nu
vi-nnA-nu                        ti-nnA-nu                   i-ccE-nu,
A-vu                                a-nna                           a-tta
a-TTa                               cE-du                          pE-Du
tA-Du                               be-ttaM                      ra-ktaM                            
mAM-saM                       A-l^-iM-Di-yA          A-liM-Di-yA

</PRE>
</BODY>
</HTML>



  1. Read the following paragraph, written  in RTS, aloud. Ask an associate to help you with the correct pronunciation.



a-yyA, mI-ru e-va-ru?  mI pE-ru E-mi-Ti? mI-di ´U-ru? e-va-ri kO-saM vaccEru? rA-vu gA-ru U-LLO lEru. rEpu va-stA-ru. mI-ru rE-pu u-da-yaM raM-Di. I rO-ju I pu-sta-kaM ca-da-vaM-Di. rA-vu gA-ru rA-tri-baM-DilO baM-da-ru ve-La-tA-ru. a-kka-Da Am-dhra jA-tI-ya ka-LA-SA-la-lO u-pa-nyA-saM I-stA-ru. e-lluM-Di rA-tri ti-ri-gi va-stA-ru.



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